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H. ESOHERIGH. Kiln for Burning Bricks, Pottery, 8:0.

NO. 223,585. Patented Jan. 13, 1880.

M. W Z

N.FETERS. PNOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. u c.

2 SheetsSheet 2.

H. ESGHERIGH Kiln for Burning Bricks, Pottery, 850.

No. 223,585. I V Patented Jan. 13, 1880.

g i- I Ill.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. f

HERMANN ESOHERIOH, OF SGHWANDORF, GERMANY.

KILN FOR BURNING BRICKS, POTTERY, C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 223,585,dated January 13,1880.

Application filed October 25, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMANN ESOHERICH, of Schwandort', Germany, have invented certain Improvements in Kilns for Pottery, &e.,

of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to construct a kiln for rapidly and economically drying and burning pottery-ware and similar articles; and my invention consists of a structure containing a furnace or gas-generator, a series of dryin g and burning compartmentsfor the pottery, and a series of conduits communicating with a common canal extending around the structure and with the several compartments, the several conduits being provided with a number of slides or bell-valves,by which the course of the gas and air and products of combustion may be regulated at pleasure.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1,

Sheet 1, is a sectional plan on the line E F, Fig. 2 5 Fig. 2, Sheet 2, a longitudinal section on the line C D, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3, a transverse section on the line A B, Fig. 1.

The kiln proper is divided into four divisions, X, X, X and X The divisions X and X are each divided into two compartments, in communication with each other through passages 0, While the division X communicates with X through a similar opening, 0, and the division X with the division X, also through a similar opening. The divisions X, X, and X are provided with communicating passages t and a, each having aregulating-slide. Each compartment has look-holes min the roof, and is provided with an opening or openings closed by doors cl, for the introduction and removal of the pottery-ware.

G is the furnace or gas-generator, which can be put in communication with the chimney T by opening one or other of the pair of valves 1, Figs. 1 and 2, or in communication with the main gas passage or canal H by closing the valve 1 and opening one of the bell-valves g. This main canal H, for the gases or products of combustion from the furnace, extends all around the kiln, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and is separated into four divisions, H, H, H and H corresponding to the divisions of the furnace, by bell-valves or slides V V, Fig. 1. Each division of the main canal is in communication with its corresponding division of the kiln through a series of distributing-conduits, 5, (see upper part of Fig. 1,) terminating in the bottom of the compartment in vertical perforated pipes 19, Figs. 2 and 3, or in simple openings, which distribute the products of combustion evenly to all parts of the chamber. The communication between the divisions of the main canal and each of their 'distributing-conduits sis controlled by a bell-valve, o, by which the admission of the products of combustion through more or fewer of the conduits can be out off, and theheating of the compartment thus regulated. Thefootplates ol, through which the stems of the bellvalves pass, are each provided with apair of vertical pins or projections, on which the handle c of the valve-stem can rest when the valve is raised, as shown on the right-hand side of Fig. 3.

The operation of the kiln is continuous, the ware being burned in one division of the kiln while fresh unburned ware is being dried in another, and hot burned ware is being cooled in a third, and cooled burned ware is being removed from the fourth division. For instance, suppose unburned ware has just been stacked in the compartments X X and the Ware in X has had a preparatory drying by the products of combustion passing from the compartments X, the ware in which has just been baked, while the burned ware in X has been cooled by the admission of cold air, the bell-valves, connecting the divisions H H of the main gas-canal with'the gas-distributing conduits s s of the divisions X X of the kiln, are all closed, and the gas or products of combustion allowed to passdirectly to the division H of the canal, and thence, throEigh the distributing-conduits s .9, into the compartment X containing the ware to beburued, the slide V between the divisions H and H of" the canal having been first closed. The doors of the compartmentX having been opened, cold air is drawn through the compartments X X (where it cools't-he hot ware) into the compartments X where it mingles with the hot gases, and aids in the combustion for the baking of the ware. The products of com bustion pass thence into the compartments X X where they dry the green unburned ware, and thence pass down the perforated pipe 19,

- and through the conduits s 3. into the division H of the canal, and so to the chimney, the valve 9 being closed and the valve 4" open, as shown in Fig. 2. Meanwhile the cooled burned Ware has been removed from the compartment X, and a quantity of unburned ware stacked in its place.

When the ware in X has been sufficiently burned, the bell-valves of the division H are closed, and the gas directly admitted to the compartments X while air isdrawn through X the products of combustion from X admitted to the unburned ware in X, and the cooled burned ware in X removed, and so on round the several divisions of'the kiln. By a proper setting of the valves 9 r the gas may be caused to pass round in the opposite direction, if desired.

The two passages i and a, forming the communication between the compartments, are provided with slides, so that by closing one or other of the slides the products of combus tion or air, in passing from one compartment to the other, may be drawn along either of the opposite Walls of the compartment.

In order to thoroughly hot-dry the Ware before it is subjected directly to the action of the products of combustion, a hot-air pipe may be arranged along the top of the kiln, this pipe being in communication with each compartment through suitable distributingpipes provided with regulatingyalves, so that the hot air may be admitted to any one or more of the compartments, as may be de sired.

The communication is first made between the hot-air pipe and the compartment containing Ware which has just been burned, and then a communication is opened between the pipe and the chamber containing the unburned ware, the latter chamber being in communication with the chimney, so that the draft will draw the air through the hot Ware, and the air being thus heated will convey its heat to the unburned ware on its way to the chimney. The hot-air pipe may also be in direct communication with the chimney.

Tar-receptacles are connected with the main gas-canal for the reception of the tar deposited by the gases in their passage through the canal.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in apottery-kiln, of a series of distributing-conduits, communicating with the compartments for pottery-ware, with vertical perforated pipes 19 in each compartment, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the kiln divided into several compartments with the main gascanal divided into corresponding divisions,

and in communication, through valved conduits s s, with the said compartments, and the valves or slides V, whereby the direct communication through the main canal may be cut off, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a pottery-kiln, the combination of communicatin g compartments with passages i and a, provided with slides, as and for the pun pose set forth.

4. The combination of the compartments of the kiln and the main gas-canal, communicating therewith through valved conduits, with generator and chimney and valves g r.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of November, 1878.

. r H. ESGHER-IOH.

Witnesses:

FRANZ WIRTH,

FRANZ HASSLACHER. 

